Primary thyroid cancer and neck cancer is the most common form, accounting for a variety of systemic 1.2% -2.3%. Thyroid cancer can occur in all age groups, but between 7-20 years and 40-50 years old from various minor peak, women more than men doubled. According to pathological combination of biological characteristics and patterns, thyroid cancer is usually divided into papillary carcinoma, follicular carcinoma, medullary carcinoma, undifferentiated carcinoma IV. There are other squamous cell carcinoma, spindle cell carcinoma, adenoid cystic carcinoma, adenocarcinoma and acidic mucus cell carcinoma, are rare.
Do not know the cause of thyroid cancer, only know some of the relevant factors and the disease, such as infants and young children during the X-ray radiation for thyroid cancer in young people induced factors.
Apart from thyroid cancer undifferentiated carcinoma, the prognosis is good, five years after surgery an average survival rate of 83% -95%. Even if there thyroid cancer and lung metastasis, most of them can take many years of existence.
Thyroid cancer self-examination
1, note the shape of goiter. Goiter the shape of the general divided into two categories, with a butterfly-shaped, more common in endemic goiter, thyroiditis and some of the hyperthyroidism patients other is a part of the thyroid gland in the emergence of a swollen round Block, more common in thyroid cysts, thyroid adenoma, including thyroid cancer.
2, the size of mass attention. If the tumor was diffuse swelling or enlargement of multiple nodules, mostly endemic goiter; generally benign cyst or a single nodules in more than two centimeters in diameter is about more than two centimeters in diameter, should be Suspected thyroid cancer.
3, the attention of the mass of smooth and Flex. Carefully with the thumb and index finger touching the surface of tumor. The same smooth surface, mostly endemic goiter; surface is not smooth, thyroiditis by the possibility of large single nodule was swollen, but the surface smooth, uniform who may adenoma; single nodule enlargement , Smooth performance, a sense of entities, should be suspected cancer.
4, the attention of the mass growth rate. Endemic goiter was slowly increasing, the course of several years and even up to the decades-long; benign tumors and cysts on course to be of a few years; thyroid cancer tumor growth significantly, faster, in more than 10 Days or a 12-month period increased significantly.
5, the attention surrounding the mass reach lymph nodes. If the thyroid can touch around the hard texture of the lymph nodes, should be highly suspected to be associated with thyroid local metastasis.
The diagnosis of thyroid cancer
Thyroid cancer often are as follows: A mass texture hard, rugged, Boundary unclear, the tumor larger tumors can be extended to the thyroid, the mobility of the poor or fixed, the rapid growth and sometimes also with cystic papillary carcinoma, puncture Can be aspirated or dark brown liquid; mass increased oppression caused breathing and swallowing difficulties and voice hoarse; neck under the central, sternocleidomastoid next enlargement can occur, the hardware of the lymph nodes; more than 30 percent of medullary carcinoma There may be reasons unknown intractable watery diarrhoea.
X-ray examination. Films that have thyroid tumors scattered calcification and tracheal compression, transfer or bone metastases.
Thyroid scan, cancer poor absorption of iodine 131, a cold nodule area. But most of the cold nodules adenocarcinoma cyst to combine history and other checks for diagnosis. The only confirmed way the biopsy suspicious organizations.
